Which of the following is a result of shear and friction regarding pressure sores?

The correct choice is focused on how shear and friction contribute to the development of pressure sores, also known as pressure ulcers or bedsores. Shear and friction are mechanical forces that affect the skin and underlying tissues, particularly in individuals who may be immobile or have limited movement.

When shear and friction occur, they can cause the tissues to stretch and distort. This mechanical stress can lead to reduced blood flow in the small blood vessels that supply the skin and surrounding tissues. When blood flow is compromised, the affected area suffers from decreased oxygen and nutrient delivery, which is crucial for maintaining tissue health. Over time, this lack of sufficient blood flow can result in tissue damage and ultimately the formation of pressure sores.

Friction typically occurs when skin rubs against surfaces such as bedding or wheelchairs, while shear occurs when layers of tissue slide over each other, often caused by the patient being pulled or dragged rather than lifted. Both actions can lead to skin breakdown and impairment of the skin’s integrity. Thus, understanding the impact of shear and friction is critical in preventing pressure sores, especially in at-risk populations.